Numerical Simulation Analysis of the Influence of Reservoir Water Level on Heavy Metal Migration of Tailings Pond

The migration state of heavy metal pollutants in tailings ponds is greatly affected by the reservoir water level. Taking a tailings pond as an example, this paper carried out numerical simulation analysis on the influence of different water levels of the tailings pond on the migration of heavy metal Cu²⁺, and obtained the migration rule of heavy metal Cu²⁺ at different water levels of the tailings pond. The results showed that heavy metals migrated laterally and longitudinally along the direction of the initial dam with the groundwater in space. With the accumulation of tailings pond, the concentration of each particle on the profile of tailings pond was replenished, and the concentration of heavy metals in tailings pond increased gradually. The migration rate of heavy metal ions in tailings reservoir was positively correlated with the reservoir water level height. The migration rate of heavy metal Cu²⁺ was the fastest when the designed highest water level of tailings reservoir was raised, and it reached the initial dam in 7～7.5 years. The research results are of great practical significance to the environmental treatment of tailings pond on site.