西藏自治区大气环境质量现状及其未来展望

Present Situation and Prospect of Atmospheric Environmental Quality in Tibet Autonomous Region

  • 摘要: 通过采集2015—2021年西藏自治区共7个城市和地区的SO2、NO2、CO、O3、PM10、PM2.5等浓度实时监测数据,对污染物的污染特征与现状进行了分析。结果表明:PM2.5、PM10、SO2、NO2、CO年均浓度的变化情况较为稳定,O3和NOX浓度呈上升趋势,O3-8h平均浓度由2015年的105μg/m3上升到2021年的124μg/m3,O3超标污染天数主要出现在5—8月份;PM2.5月均浓度变化呈现显著的季节差异,每年夏季(7—9月)PM2.5的含量较低,11月—次年3月含量较高;大气综合污染指数都<5,优良天数比率98.5%~99.7%。统计年份中,各年度O3和2015年、2016年PM2.5年均浓度达到Ⅱ级标准,其余4项评价指标年均浓度均达到I级标准,全区环境空气质量持续保持良好。拉萨市和昌都市的NO2/SO2的比值较大,而那曲市和阿里地区的NO2/SO2的比值较小。

     

    Abstract: This paper analyzed the pollution characteristics and current situation of pollutants by collecting realtime monitoring data of SO2,NO2,CO,O3,PM10,PM2.5 in seven cities of Tibet Autonomous Region from 2015 to 2021.The results showed that the annual average concentrations of PM2.5,PM10,SO2,NO2 and CO were relatively stable,and the concentrations of O3 and NOX showed an upward trend.The average concentration of O3-8h increased from 105 μg/m3 in 2015 to 124 μg/m3 in 2021.O3 concentration over the standard mainly occurred from May to August.The monthly average concentration of PM2.5 showed significant seasonal difference.The content of PM2.5 was low in summer (July-September) and high from November to March of the next year.The comprehensive air pollution index was less than 5,and the ratio of excellent days was 98.5%~99.7%.In the statistical years,the annual average concentration of O3 and PM2.5 in 2015 and 2016 reached the standard II,and the annual average concentration of the other four evaluation indicators reached the standard I,and the ambient air quality in the whole region remained good.The ratio of NO2/SO2 in Lhasa City and Changdu City was larger than the ratio in Naqu City and Ali City.The research results would provide reference for air pollution control in Tibet Autonomous Region.

     

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