Abstract: In the integration and development of the Yangtze River Delta, Anhui Province plays an important role in the protection of ecological security of the delta. This study focused on present situation of ecological environment and space controls, and analyzed the main problems in controlling works in Anhui Province. Some practical measures and some safeguard measures must be performed during the "14th Five-year plan" of Anhui Province in spatial control. These measures could coordinate the management of mountains, rivers, forests,farmlands, lakes and grasslands system, and the protection of spatial planning to strengthen the work of ecological environment protection in the province.