Abstract: The application of Environmental remote sensing technology on the evaluation and protection research of biodiversity was fully presented as well as the relevant data analysis method. The advantages and disadvantages of the technology were deeply discussed. The common remote sensing index and algorithm involving vegetation index, surface temperature and land cover classification were introduced. A specific case study revealed the significant role of Environmental remote sensing technology in protecting biodiversity in China. The technology could provide high quality remote sensing data to help to assess biodiversity and to monitor the changes of ecosystem. It also provided key information and guided to make the biodiversity protection policy, which would support biodiversity protection.