Abstract: In the context of rapid economic development,China faces dual challenges from air pollution and climate change.Based on the emissions of carbon dioxide （CO₂） and major atmospheric pollutants sulfur dioxide （SO₂）,nitrogen oxides （NO_X） and particulate matter in Yunnan Province from 2011 to 2020,the grey correlation model was used to calculate the correlation degree of CO₂ and major atmospheric pollutants.Then,the extended KAYA identity and LMDI decomposition model were used to decompose each driving effect.The results showed that the industrial and construction industries were the main fields of CO₂ and air pollutant emission in Yunnan and the synergistic emission reduction effect was the main driving effect of air pollutant emission reduction.Among the key industries in the industrial field,the black metal smelting and rolling processing industries have the highest emission reduction potential.By reducing the proportion of fossil energy consumption in the industry,the synergistic emission reduction effect of SO₂ and CO₂ could be significantly affected.