Abstract: Eastern China(Jiangsu Province, Zhejiang Province and Shanghai) is one of the regions with the fastest and highest quality economic development in China. It contributes about 20% of the gross domestic product(GDP) every year, and the per capita GDP is far higher than the national average. Economic development has also brought certain environmental pollution. In many countries and regions, environmental pollution has shown an "inverted U-shaped" relationship with economic development. Using principal component analysis and SPSS software, this paper analyzed the relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution in the economically developed eastern region of China. It was found that there was an “inverted U-shaped” curve relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution in the eastern region. The eastern region balanced economic development and environmental pollution by optimizing energy structure, technological progress and increasing environmental protection investment.