Abstract: To promote low carbon agriculture development in Anhui Province, the agricultural carbon emissions from 1999 to 2019 were calculated based on ten carbon sources of planting industry and breeding industry. In addition, the relationship between agricultural emission and agricultural economy were studied using Tapio decoupling model. The results showed that the agricultural carbon emission had no significant change from 1999to 2019 in Anhui. However emission had gone through continuing upgrade, stable decline, stable upgrade and slow decline stages. The carbon emission intensities of planting industry and breeding industry indicated a declining trend and the annual declining ratio were 3.04% and 3.80%, respectively. The percentage of planting industry carbon emission and breeding industry carbon emission had the upgrading and declining trend respectively. The decoupling elastic coefficients of agricultural carbon emission and agricultural economy were between-10.7866and 0.6517. The decoupling type had gone through four stages from 1999 to 2019, namely fluctuating(1999—2003), strong decoupling(2003—2007), weak decoupling(2007—2014) and strong decoupling(2014—2019).The contradiction between agricultural economy increase and environment was alleviating. The road of green and low carbon agricultural development was becoming more and more stable.