Abstract: To comprehensively assess the level of urban resilience in the Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone and identify its main obstacle factors, this study constructs an urban resilience evaluation index system encompassing four dimensions—economy, society, ecology, and infrastructure—based on panel data from Nanning, Qinzhou, Beihai, and Fangchenggang cities from 2010 to 2022. The entropy weight method and the TOPSIS method are used to assess the urban resilience levels, and the obstacle degree model is employed to identify the primary obstacle factors. The results show that there are significant disparities in the resilience development of cities within the Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone during the study period, with the resilience levels ranking from high to low as Nanning > Qinzhou > Beihai > Fangchenggang. The ranking of obstacle degrees at the criterion layer is facility resilience > economic resilience > social resilience > ecological resilience. The main obstacle factors hindering regional development include the number of students enrolled in regular higher education institutions, the number of internet users, and the total volume of telecommunications services.