Abstract: By investigating the radioactivity level of a germanium mining area of an associated radioactive mining enterprise in Yunnan, the present influence of mining and production on the surrounding radiation environment was examined. The main contents of the investigation were air absorbed dose rate of X-γ radiation; the specific activities of natural radionuclides 238U, 232Th, 226Ra and 40K in waste rock samples, raw ore samples(germanium ore), soil and sediment samples; soil and sediment samples, the natural radionuclide activities of U, Th, 226Ra and total α, total βin gushing water and water samples from mines, and the specific activities of U, Th, 226Ra and total α, total β in water samples were determined Monitoring of Radon concentration in air and γ nuclide activity in Aerosol. According to the monitoring results, the pollution prevention and control measures were put forward.