Abstract: The cumulative dose monitoring of TLD was used to simulate and analyze the radiation effects of radioactive source accidents. The cumulative thermoluminescence dose was measured around the source and after shielding material was set. Close exposure to sources that may exceed the annual effective dose at close range should be minimized. The dose rate decreases rapidly with the increase of distance. Shielding is the simplest and most effective method of radiation protection in the event of radiation source accidents. The actual shielding effect of lead shielding materials is better than that of theoretical calculation results. The protection equipment with different lead equivalent should be chosen according to the actual situation. The management advice of mobile injury was put forward.