Abstract: Taking Zhaoqing New District as the study area, Landsat 8 satellite images were used to calculate the land surface brightness temper over study area from 2013 to 2021, which can be used to identify and extract the heat island. By analyzing the spatial-temporal coupling relationship between expansion of urban heat island and land use change, the driving forces of urban heat island effect were identified. The study found out that using Landsat8 satellite images to calculate the land surface brightness temper was an effective way to identify and extract the urban heat island, which can provide scientific data base for the study of urban heat island effect. In the past decade, the urban heat island effect has increased year by year, especially in the period of 2017-2019, the expansion of urban heat island effect was the most significant. The area of urban heat island was highly coupled with the area of urban and rural construction land, which proved that the rapid expansion of urbanization is the main driving force of urban heat island effect. The large water bodies such as lake, river and pond, can fragment the contiguous construction land, which can effectively decline the urban heat island effect.