Abstract: This research drew up the greenhouse gas emission inventory of the year of 2018 of Honghe Prefecture.Greenhouse gas emissions in the fields of energy activities, industrial production processes, agricultural activities,land use changes and forestry, and waste treatment were calculated. The difficulties and challenges faced in carrying out greenhouse gas emission reduction work under the background of carbon peaks were analyzed. Combined with the actual situation of Honghe Prefecture, countermeasures and suggestions for greenhouse gas emission reduction were put forward.