Abstract: As the third largest lake in Hubei Province, Changhu Lake is the main regulation and storage lake in the upper part of the Neijing River basin（the Four Lakes basin）, a tributary of the Yangtze River. It plays an important role in flood regulation and storage, agricultural irrigation, biological habitat, sightseeing and tourism. The aquatic plants in Changhu City include submerged plants, emergent plants, floating-leaf plants and floating plants. The mortality rate of each plant species per unit area（100 m²） was analyzed, and the mortality rate of submerged plants was 52%, emergent plants 12%, floating-leaf plants and floating plants 6%. The aquatic plants with the highest mortality rate were submerged plants. By controlling single variables, the key factors affecting the growth of submerged plants in ChanghuLake were explored from the aspects of plant planting mode, seedling health, water depth, wave erosion and water eutrophication. At the same time, the project adopted the establishment of ecological enclosure and other wave prevention facilities in the near-shore zone to avoid the erosion of the shoreline, slow down the disturbance of the lake bottom mud, and ensure that the aquatic plants along the shoreline would not destroyed.