昆明市主城区大气降水的化学组成特征及变化分析

黄丽娟; 王东秀; 王金平

昆明市主城区大气降水的化学组成特征及变化分析

Characteristics and Variations Analysis on Chemical Composition of Atmospheric Precipitation of Kunming

摘要

摘要: 为了解昆明市主城区大气降水的化学组成成分及变化，采集2019年1—12月期间昆明市主城区大气降水样品，分析pH、电导率、阴离子(SO₄^2-、NO₃^-、Cl^-、F^-)和阳离子(K⁺、Na⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、NH₄⁺)。分析结果表明昆明市主城区降雨量主要集中在6—9月，占全年降雨量的87.6%。全年未监测到酸雨，降水pH值范围为6.93～7.70，年均值为7.28，其中中性降水占26.3%，碱性雨占73.7%。降水阴离子以SO₄^2-为主，占阴离子总量的53.7%，其次为NO₃^-；降水阳离子以Ca²⁺为主，占降水阳离子总量的65.4%，其次为钾离子。与2018年相比，大气降水pH值变化不明显，降水主要离子中SO₄^2-浓度降低，Ca²⁺浓度显著升高，其余离子浓度变化不明显。

Abstract: In order to examine the chemical characteristics and variations of atmospheric precipitation of Kunming, the parameters of rainfall, pH, electrical conductivity and concentrations of anions(SO₄^2-, NO₃^-, Cl^-,F^-) and cations (K⁺, Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, NH₄⁺)were analyzed with samples collected from January to December2019. The results indicated that the rainfall was mainly concentrated from June to October in 2019 with 87.6% of the whole year. There was no acid rain during the whole year, because the range of pH values was from 6.93to 7.70. SO₄^2- was the major anion with 53.7% of the total ions while Ca²⁺was the main cations with 65.4% of all.Compared to 2018, the concentration of SO₄^2- reduced while the concentration of Ca²⁺ increased significantly.

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