Abstract: The scientific water quality target management plan is of great significance for lake governance. Focusing on the lake water quality target management, it is proposed to take the river basin pollution control index as the control factor for the total allocation according to the importance of the river-lake water quality response.The basis for pollution control in the lake sub-basin was considered. Different conditions and pollution source reduction potential differences would implement differentiated management and control strategies for each sub-basin. The research on lake water environment capacity, pollution load accounting and forecasting, reduction control indicators and total amount control plan, program compliance verification and correction, etc. would be done in order to form a set of "total reduction control goals → river basin pollution control indicators → general road reduction". The research method system of the total pollution load control scheme in the lake basin was based on the task allocation scheme → compliance verification and scheme revision”, which could realize the system of the basin pollution control index system, the total pollution load control scheme, the water quality management and control of the rivers entering the lake, and the lake water quality target management system. The linkage and combination could improve the scientificity and operability of the lake water quality target management plan. Based on this method system, taking Dianchi Lake as an example, the research on the total pollution load control plan of the Dianchi Lake basin in 2025 was carried out. The research results showed that the water quality target management plan of the Dianchi Lake Basin determined by this method system could better meet the lake water quality target, and the method system should be formulated in the water quality target management plan of other lakes.