Abstract: In order to study the impact of economic activities on ambient air quality in Panzhihua,the relationship between economic development related factors and other pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide was analyzed using the national economic and social development statistical bulletin and ambient air quality monitoring data of Panzhihua from 2015 to 2019. The results showed that from 2015 to 2019,the added value of the primary industry was positively correlated with nitrogen dioxide,fine particulate matter and ozone. The added value of the secondary industry has little impact on the change of ambient air quality mainly due to the remarkable effect of environmental protection governance of industrial enterprises. The added value of the tertiary industry was positively correlated with nitrogen dioxide; especially the added value of construction industry and the number of motor vehicles with nitrogen dioxide,fine particles and ozone were positively correlated,which was the main factor affecting the change of ambient air quality.