Abstract: The concentrations of 16 PAHs in soil and dust samples of coal and phosphorus chemical enterprises in a special industrial park of Yunnan were collected and analyzed. The isomeric ratio method was applied for source analysis and the health risk assessment model was adopted for cancer risk assessment. Through analyzing the components of PAHs in the samples,it was found that PAHs components with more than 4 rings in the soil accounted for the most,among which,the content of 5 ringsPAHs was more than that 6 rings and 4 rings. The 3-and 4-ring components of PAHs in dust accumulation accounted for a large proportion. Through isomerism ratio analysis,it was found that the concentrations of PAHs pollutants at different monitoring points in the industrial parks in Xudian County were different,but the overall characteristics were similar. The main sources of PAHs in soil are coal and biomass combustion. The analysis of the carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic risk of PAHs in the soil through the method of health risk assessment showed that PAHs in the soil of the industrial park will not cause non-carcinogenic risk to the surrounding residents. PAHs in soil may cause carcinogenic risk to children,and some sampling sites could also cause carcinogenic risk to adults.