Abstract: With the rapid development of economy and the acceleration of urbanization,there are problems with the water environment in the Qingyi River Basin,such as water pollution and biodiversity damage. Focusing on the problems of the water environment of the Qingyi River Basin,this research presented the issues of expounding the research background of ecological compensation,the general situation of the Qingyi River Basin,the existing ecological environment problems,the meaning of ecological compensation,the main receptor,and so on. The monitoring and the calculation method of environmental compensation and the improvement of gold in the monitoring section of the Qingyi River Basin from 2017 to 2019 and methods following the principles of "sustainable development,market participation guided by governments and compensation to protectors"were analyzed. Finally,the proposals for ecological compensation mechanism in the Qingyi River Basin were put forward.