Abstract: Limnodrilushoffmeisteri as one popular and dominant benthos species lives in various freshwater ecosystems all over the world. It shows a great potentiality in pollution resistance and environmental adaptation. In addition,it is so sensitive to the habitat variation. So L. hoffmeisteri is a very significant indicator in environmental monitoring and ecological restoration. Meaningfully,it is also an important component in the aquatic ecosystem,which plays a specific role during elemental cycle,energy transferring and information transmitting. In the review,L. hoffmeisteri was characterized for its biology and temporal-spatial distribution. At the same time its two features,namely circumstance monitoring and bio-rehabilitation were highlighted. For instance,due to the bio-accumulation capacity,L. hoffmeisteri as an indicator can reflect and assess the pollution status of abundant nutrient,heavy metals,organic pollutants,and novel contaminants. Interestingly,its bioturbation can transfer and migrate these pollutants on the interface between the sediment and the overlying water,which indirectly promote the growth of the function microbes and the hydrophytes. Therefore,L. hoffmeisteri can restore the polluted circumstance to certain extent. In summary,environmental effect in L. hoffmeisteri is double-edged. It can propel the release of the pollutants fixed in the sediment into the overlying water. However,it can also decompose,metabolize and stabilize these substances.In short,to reveal environmental effect in L. hoffmeisteri as well as make best use of the advantages and bypass the disadvantages can help to maintain the health and sustainability of the aquatic ecosystem.